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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussion of mental illness, child abuse, child death, death by suicide, animal death, and graphic violence.
The motif of impersonation and mimicry appears throughout the text when characters want to conceal information about themselves or adopt the character traits of others. Ava frequently puts on her Mrs. Poshy-Snob voice—which the police call Miss Misty—when she speaks to the police because she knows they will believe an adult over a child. As Miss Misty, Ava can share her unusual but accurate theories about the case, like the critical information about clinical lycanthropy and similar historical crimes. Ava doesn’t think the police will question an adult’s knowledge of such niche and morbid topics, and with her Miss Misty imitation, Ava gains confidence she doesn’t normally possess. Ava’s theory is confirmed later in the book when John calls in his information about Nathaniel’s lair without using an adult imitation, and the police dispatcher dismisses him because he assumes John is pulling a prank. Ava also uses a “Normal Girl” imitation around her family and peers to avoid being criticized for her unconventional interests.
Nathaniel also imitates a more typical boy to blend in with society and conceal his activities as the Rubery killer. The text calls Nathaniel a “wolf in sheep’s clothing” for his ability to walk among his peers convincingly as an average kid (313). Even after being named in the press, the community cannot believe Nathaniel was the killer because they only knew him as a kind, friendly boy. In his private life, Nathaniel feels most comfortable with dogs, and over time he attempts to become one of them. To complete the transformation, he creates a wolf-suit out of dog pelts. Rather than concealing something about himself, Nathaniel believes his dog imitation is his true character—an instinct-driven, wild creature.
The blue pencils symbolize Ava’s inquisitiveness and her keen deductive abilities. Ava primarily uses her blue pencils to make observations at the roadkill body farm, where she takes down detailed notes about decomposition in various environments, as well as creates annotated drawings of her findings. The pencils, “sharpened at both ends” (4), represent Ava’s heightened ability to capture important details not only in her scientific inquiries but in her everyday interactions. When Ava finds her blue pencil in Part 5 before confronting Nathaniel, it has dulled on both ends. This dullness represents Ava’s failure to see Nathaniel’s true character. Ava didn’t let herself consider Nathaniel a suspect because of the special attention he was paying to her. When she resharpens the pencil before meeting him, she symbolically resharpens her mind so she won’t be fooled again.
Ava also physically uses the pencil as a weapon to protect herself from her bullies and Nathaniel. When she is nervous, she holds onto the pencil because “it reassured her” (6). Although the pencil can cause physical damage, the pencil’s protective abilities are also symbolic. Ava’s observational nature helps protect her from the traumatic events she experiences. Her ability to use her logic to understand the source of her feelings helps her process her emotions so she isn’t psychologically scarred.
The text uses imagery and references to bones as a representation both of lives lived and lives taken. The first significant instance of this motif occurs when Ava visits the Banlock Farm bone garden. The sheer number of bones—enough to cover the ground, make pathways, and line hedgerows—indicates the massive scale of destruction wrought by the Rubery killer. Nathaniel displays the bones as ornamentation for his secret hideout, which reflects his vision of himself as a prolific predator, as well as his lack of care for the lives he takes.
Throughout the text, both Ava and Delahaye frequently repeat Ava’s maxim, “We are our bones” (90): A person or animal’s actions and experiences in life are etched permanently on their skeletal anatomy. For example, Ava can see in Nathaniel’s x-rays the evidence of his life-altering brain injury, as well as the adaptations his skeleton underwent from his prolonged four-legged walking. For Ava, bones also differentiate humans from animals, and, more symbolically, reason from instinct. Nathaniel attempts to blur the lines between human and animal, but Ava knows his skeleton proves his humanity.
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